Fluoropolymers for Membranes

Solvay’s fluoropolymers are used to make MF and UF flat sheet and hollow fiber membranes for a wide range of bioprocessing and medical filtration applications.

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AJAX PANE

AJAX HAS BEEN KNOW TO ENHANCE USER INTERFACE
AJAX HAS BEEN KNOW TO ENHANCE USER INTERFACE
AJAX HAS BEEN KNOW TO ENHANCE USER INTERFACE
AJAX HAS BEEN KNOW TO ENHANCE USER INTERFACE

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OverviewPropertiesAgency ApprovalsSolef®/Hylar® PVDFHalar® ECTFEAlgoflon® PTFEAquivion™ PFSA

Proven Membrane Performance

Molecular weights with controlled viscosities along with very high purity levels make these materials an excellent choice for membranes covering a broad range of porosity and shapes.

Key Features

High purity
Outstanding chemical resistance
Excellent mechanical properties
Continuous use up to 150°C
Excellent resistance to aging
Solution (DIPS) or melt processing (TIPS)
Global agency approvals for drinking water, food contact and healthcare applications

FLUOROPOLYMERS FOR MEMBRANES
	Pellet	Powder
Solef® PVDF
	6010	6010
		1015
		6020
	460	461
Halar® ECTFE
	901
	902
Algoflon® PTFE
	Membrane	Dispersion
Aquivion™ PFSA
	E79	D83
	E87

Fluoropolymers Properties

Excellent chemical resistance combined with hydrolytic stability, high strength and the ability to operate over a broad pH range makes these polymers the right choice for membranes used in demanding end-use environments.

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Physical Properties

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Property	Test Method	Units	Solef 6010	Solef 1015	Solef 6020	Hylar 460, 461	Halar 901	Halar 902
Form			pellet, powder	powder	powder	pellet, powder	pellets	pellets
Density	ASTM D 792	g/cm³	1.78	1.78	1.78	1.76	1.68	1.71
Molecular Weight, Mw	GPC vs PS standards	g/mol x 10³	320	570	700	440
Polydispersity			2.1	2.4	2.2	4.1
Solution Viscosity	Brookfield	cp	330⁽¹⁾	1,400⁽¹⁾	2,700⁽¹⁾	1,000⁽¹⁾
Melt Flow Index	ASTM D	g/10 min	6.0⁽²⁾	0.2⁽²⁾	1.3⁽³⁾	0.6⁽²⁾	1.0⁽⁴⁾	1.0⁽⁵⁾
Water Absorption 24 hours, 23°C	ASTM D 570	%	< 0.04	< 0.04	< 0.04	< 0.04	< 0.1	< 0.1

⁽¹⁾ 10% NMP, 23°C, 50 rpm
⁽²⁾ Melt flow condition 230°C, 5.0 kg (ASTM D 638)
⁽³⁾ Melt flow condition 230°C, 2.16 kg (ASTM D 638)
⁽⁴⁾ Melt flow condition 275°C, 2.16 kg
⁽⁵⁾ Melt flow condition 275°C, 5.0 kg

Mechanical Properties

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Property	Test Method	Units	Solef 6010	Solef 1015	Solef 6020	Hylar 460, 461	Halar 901	Halar 902
Tensile Strength at Yield	ASTM D 638 23°C, 50 mm/min	psi MPa	7,685-8,265 53-57	7,685-8,265 53-57	7,685-8,265 53-57	7,000 48	4,300 30	4,300-4,600 30-32
Tensile Strength at Break	ASTM D 638 23°C, 50 mm/min	psi MPa	5,075-7,250 35-50	5,075-7,250 35-50	7,685-8,265 25-50	6,000 41	7,800 54	6,500-7,400 45-51
Tensile Elongation at Yield	ASTM D 638 23°C, 50 mm/min	%	5-10	5-10	5-10	10	5	4-5
Tensile Elongation at Break	ASTM D 638 23°C, 50 mm/min	%	20-50	20-50	15-50	100	250	250-300
Tensile Modulus	ASTM D 638 23°C, 1 mm/min	kpsi MPa	348 2,400	319 2,200	239 1,650	188 1,300	240⁽¹⁾ 1,655⁽¹⁾	265⁽¹⁾ 1,827⁽¹⁾
Flexion Maximum Load	ASTM D 790 23°C, 2 mm/min	psi MPa	11,165 77	10,150 70	9,570 66	8,000 55
Flexural Strength	ASTM D 638 23°C, 2.5 mm/min	psi MPa					6,800 47	7,840 54
Flexural Modulus	ASTM D 790 23°C, 2 mm/min	kpsi MPa	304 2,100	290 2,000	261 1,800	217 1,500	245 1,690	252⁽²⁾ 1,737⁽²⁾

⁽¹⁾ Measured at 50 mm/min
⁽²⁾ Measured at 2.5 mm/min

Thermal Properties

THERMAL PROPERTIES
Property	Test Method	Units	Solef 6010	Solef 1015	Solef 6020	Hylar 460, 461	Halar 901	Halar 902
Melting Point	ASTM D 3418	°C	173	173	171	160	242	220-230
Heat of Fusion 80°C to end of melt	ASTM D 3418	J/g	61	60	60	46	42	28
Glass Transition Temperature	DMTA	°C	-32	-30	-34	-39	85	85
Thermal Stability	TGA 1% weight loss, N₂	°C	375-400	375-400	375-400	375-400	405	405

Chemical Resistance

CHEMICAL RESISTANCE & SOLUTION PROPERTIES
Property	Solef 1015	Solef 6010	Solef 6020	Hylar 460
Hydrolytic Stability	+	+	+	+
Inorganic Acids	+	+	+	+
Organic Acids	0	0	0	0
Alkali	–	–	–	–
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons	+	+	+	+
Aromatic Hydrocarbons	+	+	+	+
Aliphatic Alcohols	0	0	0	0
Chlorinated Solvents	+	+	+	+
Dipolar Aprotic Solvents	0	0	0	0
Chlorine⁽¹⁾	+	+	+	+
Ozone	+	+	+	+
Sterilization by Gamma Ra⁽²⁾	+	+	+	+
Sterilization by Steam	+	+	+	+

⁽¹⁾ In absence of UV light
⁽²⁾ Maximum 40 MRad

KEY

"+": Polymer is resistant. Any increase in weight is less than 2% and any decrease in weight is less than 0.3%. The tensile yield strength is at least 85% of the initial value.
"0": Use of polymer is limited. Response does not meet above criteria. For example, weight increase may be more than 2%. However, the polymer can be used if stress is low.
"–": Polymer is not resistant. There is considerable alteration of the polymer, such as dissolution or chemical or physical degradation.

COMMENTS

1. In general Solef is very resistant to inorganic acids. In carboxylic acids, the acidity does not affect polymer performance, although swelling may occur.
2. Dipolar aprotic solvents is a huge class of chemicals: some are solvents for PVDF (e.g. NMP) while some can be recommended for use in contact with PVDF at low temperatures (e.g. butyl acetate).
3. Chlorine and ozone are able to generate free radicals that can attack PVDF. In conditions promoting the formation of radicals (e.g. UV light), care must be taken for the use of the polymer as chemical attack was observed.
4. Gamma radiation could damage PVDF depending on the radiation dose. Good resistance was observed up to 20-40 MRad, but chemical attack may occur at higher doses.

Solvents for Solef® PVDF and Hylar® PVDF

SOLVENTS FOR SOLEF PVDF AND HYLAR PVDF
Good Solvents	Good Swelling Agents	Poor Swelling Agents	Non-Solvents
DMF	Acetone	Tetrahydrofuran	Water
DMAc	Cyclohexanone	Methyl-Ethyl Ketone	Methanol
NMP	g-Butyrolactone		Ethanol
TEP			Toluene
DMSO			n-Hexane

Abbreviations
DMAc: N,N-Dimethylacetamide
DMF: N,N-Dimethyl Formamide
DMSO: Dimethyl Sulfoxide
NMP: N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone
TEP: Triethyl Phosphate

Algoflon^® PTFE

Algoflon^® PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) is an inert, non-toxic polymer with unique performance and processing attributes. It is available in fine coagulated white powders produced by dispersion polymerization, then processed by paste extrusion into a fibrous matrix with structural integrity.

Algoflon^® DF powders are easily expanded after extrusion of the polymeric matrix without the use of soluble fillers, foaming agents or chemical additives. This process generates the physical creation of a huge number of small pores in the structure of an object made of PTFE, providing an exciting new level of performance properties.

Key Features	Typical Applications
Outstanding chemical inertness Exceptional heat resistance Stable at pH levels from 1 to 14 Optimum dielectric and insulating properties Extremely low coefficient of friction Self-lubricating Self-extinguishing Outstanding anti-stick and release properties Excellent weathering and aging characteristics	Food and beverage processing Gas and liquid microfiltration Water treatment Industrial filtration (e.g., filter bags, dust collectors) Chemically inert fuel-cell membranes and separators Garments made from lightweight, waterproof, breathable fabrics

Key Benefits

Suitable for high-temperature applications
Highly durable for long service life
Reduced fouling and clogging of equipment
Optimum resistance to aggressive cleaning programs

TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF ALGOFLON^® DF POWDERS
Property	Test Method	Units
Service Temperature		-260 to 260°C
Heat Resistance		Stable up to 260°C 0.001% weight loss per hour at 350°C
Chemical Resistance	ASTM D 543	High inertness
Solvent Resistance	ASTM D 543	Insoluble up to 300°C
Water Absorption	ASTM D 570	0.0%
Friction Coefficient	ASTM D 1894	Static = 0.08 Dynamic = 0.06
Thermal Conductivity	ASTM C 177	0.24 W/m°C
Flammability	UL 94	V-0
Limiting Oxygen Index	ASTM D 2683	>95%
Aging and Weatherability		Stable over 20 years of exposure

Contacts

Proven Membrane Performance

Key Features

Fluoropolymers Properties

Physical Properties

Mechanical Properties

Thermal Properties

Chemical Resistance

Solvents for Solef® PVDF and Hylar® PVDF

Agency Approvals for Fluoropolymers

Solef^® PVDF

Typical Applications

Key Features

Halar^® ECTFE

Key Features

Algoflon^® PTFE

Key Features

Typical Applications

Key Benefits

Aquivion^(R) PFSA

Typical Membrane Applications

Typical Dispersion Applications

Key Features

Proven Membrane Performance

Key Features

Fluoropolymers Properties

Physical Properties

Mechanical Properties

Thermal Properties

Chemical Resistance

Solvents for Solef® PVDF and Hylar® PVDF

Agency Approvals for Fluoropolymers

Solef® PVDF

Typical Applications

Key Features

Halar® ECTFE

Key Features

Algoflon® PTFE

Key Features

Typical Applications

Key Benefits

Aquivion(R) PFSA

Typical Membrane Applications

Typical Dispersion Applications

Key Features

Solef^® PVDF

Halar^® ECTFE

Algoflon^® PTFE

Aquivion^(R) PFSA